High liver enzyme levels in children can be detected through routine blood tests during annual checkups or when a child experiences symptoms like abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). Further testing is often required to determine the underlying cause of elevated liver enzymes.
Understanding Elevated Liver Enzymes in a Child
Elevated liver enzyme levels alone don’t pinpoint the exact cause of liver issues. Follow-up with a healthcare provider is crucial for a comprehensive diagnosis. Additional tests may be ordered to identify the underlying reason for the high enzyme levels.
Sometimes, the cause of elevated liver enzymes is readily apparent, such as a viral infection. In such cases, the healthcare provider might monitor the child’s condition, expecting enzyme levels to normalize as the illness resolves.
When to Consult a Liver Specialist
In most cases, a primary care physician can identify the reason for elevated liver enzymes. However, if a more serious condition is suspected, referral to a hepatologist (liver specialist) is necessary.
The specialist will conduct a thorough history and physical examination, looking for signs like jaundice or an enlarged liver or spleen. Further investigations may be required if liver problems are suspected. These can include:
- Additional blood tests: These tests might assess liver function more comprehensively, check for specific infections like hepatitis, or evaluate autoimmune conditions.
- Imaging studies: Ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI scans can provide detailed images of the liver to identify structural abnormalities or tumors.
- Liver biopsy: In rare cases, a small sample of liver tissue is extracted for microscopic examination to determine the cause of liver damage.
These tests collectively provide a comprehensive understanding of the child’s liver health, leading to an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A proper diagnosis is essential for effective management of any underlying liver condition.
