The American flag, a symbol of freedom and unity, is instantly recognizable with its stars and stripes in vibrant red, white, and blue. But have you ever stopped to wonder about the meaning behind these colors? Why is the American flag red, white, and blue? This article delves into the history and symbolism of the American flag’s colors, exploring their origins and evolving interpretations.
The Origins of the Red, White, and Blue
While the Continental Congress adopted the Stars and Stripes on June 14, 1777, the resolution establishing the flag’s design didn’t explain the color choices. Surprisingly, there wasn’t an official meaning assigned to the colors in 1777. The significance of red, white, and blue traces back to the creation of the Great Seal of the United States just a year earlier.
On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress commissioned a committee to design a seal reflecting the newly formed nation’s values and sovereignty. The chosen colors—red, white, and blue—were officially adopted with the Great Seal on June 20, 1782.
Charles Thomson, Secretary of the Continental Congress, clarified the symbolism when presenting the seal. According to Thomson, white represents purity and innocence, red symbolizes hardiness and valor, and blue signifies vigilance, perseverance, and justice. These meanings, drawn from heraldic traditions, were applied to the colors of the flag as well.
The Great Seal of the United States
The Influence of the Union Jack
Another theory suggests the American flag’s colors were inspired by the British Union Jack. Mike Buss, a flag expert with the American Legion, points out the historical connection between the two nations. “Our heritage does come from Great Britain,” Buss explains, “and that was some of the thought process that went about in coming up with our flag.” The familiar red, white, and blue of the British flag likely played a role in the Founding Fathers’ decision.
Evolving Interpretations of the Colors
Over time, the meanings attributed to the flag’s colors have evolved. Red is often associated with the blood shed by patriots defending the nation. President Reagan, in 1986, offered his interpretation: “Red for courage and readiness to sacrifice; white for pure intentions and high ideals; and blue for vigilance and justice.”
Beyond the Colors: Symbolism of the Stars and Stripes
The American flag’s symbolism extends beyond its colors. The 50 stars represent the 50 states, and the 13 stripes symbolize the original 13 colonies. A lesser-known interpretation, found in a 1977 House of Representatives publication, suggests the stars represent “the heavens and the divine goal,” while the stripes represent “the rays of light emanating from the sun.”
The Enduring Power of the Flag
While many Americans may not be familiar with the specific symbolism of the red, white, and blue, the flag itself remains a powerful symbol of patriotism and national pride. For veterans like Mike Buss, the flag represents the freedoms they fought to protect – freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of religion.
