Testicle pain can range from a mild ache to severe discomfort. While some causes are minor, others require immediate medical attention. This article outlines the potential reasons for testicle pain and when to seek help.
When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention
Severe or sudden testicle pain warrants immediate medical attention. Go to the emergency room or call 911 (or your local emergency number) if you experience:
- Sudden, severe pain: This could indicate testicular torsion, a condition requiring immediate treatment to prevent testicle loss.
- Pain accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain: These symptoms, along with testicle pain, could signal a serious medical issue.
- Persistent pain: Testicle pain lasting more than an hour or continuing while resting requires urgent evaluation.
Do not attempt to drive yourself to the hospital in these situations. Have someone drive you or call for an ambulance. Bring any medications you are currently taking.
When to See a Doctor
While not emergencies, the following symptoms warrant a visit to your doctor:
- Persistent aching or discomfort: Any testicle discomfort that causes concern should be checked by a doctor.
- Lump or swelling: A lump or swelling in the testicle could indicate various conditions, including infection or, less commonly, testicular cancer.
- Changes in shape or texture: Noticeable changes in the testicle’s shape, size, or feel should be evaluated.
- One testicle larger than the other: A significant size difference between the testicles should be examined by a physician.
Common Causes of Testicle Pain
Several conditions can cause testicle pain, ranging in severity.
- Testicular Torsion: This occurs when the spermatic cord, which supplies blood to the testicle, twists, cutting off blood flow. This is a medical emergency.
- Epididymitis: Inflammation of the epididymis, the tube behind the testicle that stores and carries sperm, often caused by infection.
- Injury: Trauma to the groin area can cause testicle pain.
- Inguinal Hernia: A portion of the intestine pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall, potentially causing pain in the groin and testicle area.
- Cysts: Fluid-filled sacs can develop in the testicle, leading to pain or discomfort.
- Varicocele: Enlarged veins in the scrotum, similar to varicose veins in the legs, can cause aching pain.
Testicular Cancer and Pain
While pain is not a primary symptom of testicular cancer, it’s important to note that the disease typically presents with a painless lump or swelling. Any testicular abnormality should be evaluated by a doctor.
Seeking Medical Advice
If you are unsure about the severity of your testicle pain or need guidance on where to seek help, contact a medical professional or utilize telehealth services like NHS 111 (or your local equivalent). They can assess your symptoms and direct you to the appropriate level of care.
