Brittle nails are a common problem, affecting about 20% of people. They’re characterized by weakness, thinness, and a tendency to split, crack, or break easily. If you’re constantly battling broken nails, understanding the causes and implementing preventative measures can help you achieve stronger, healthier nails.
Common Causes of Brittle Nails
Several factors can contribute to nail breakage. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.
Age and Keratin Production
As we age, the production of keratin, the protein that makes up our nails, slows down. This natural process can lead to thinner and weaker nails, making them more prone to breakage.
Nutritional Deficiencies
Certain nutrients are essential for nail health. Deficiencies in biotin (vitamin B7), zinc, and iron can weaken nails. Iron deficiency, in particular, is strongly linked to brittle nails. :max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1143146152-2000-cf230c3a031d46229a77d56d5d488e60.jpg)
Medications and Medical Conditions
Certain medications, such as retinoids, antiretrovirals, and chemotherapy drugs, can have side effects that include brittle nails. Underlying medical conditions like thyroid disorders, iron-deficiency anemia, psoriasis, eczema, and fungal infections can also contribute to nail fragility.
Environmental Factors and Lifestyle Habits
Exposure to harsh chemicals in cleaning products, frequent handwashing, and cold, dry weather can dehydrate nails, leading to breakage. Nail care habits like frequent use of nail polish, acrylic nails, and acetone-based removers can also weaken and dry out nails. :max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1270581096-2000-e4e581b163854d678e0505871620d7ad.jpg)
Fixing and Preventing Brittle Nails
While aging is an unavoidable factor, addressing other causes can significantly improve nail health.
Improve Nail Care Routine
Moisturize your nails and hands regularly with a cream containing lanolin or alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs). Consider using a nail strengthener with nylon fibers. Limit the use of harsh nail products and avoid aggressive filing techniques.
Address Underlying Issues
If you suspect a nutritional deficiency, consult a doctor for testing and potential supplementation. Seek treatment for any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to brittle nails.
Lifestyle Changes for Prevention
Protect your nails from harsh chemicals by wearing gloves when cleaning or washing dishes. Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to ensure adequate nutrient intake. Avoid biting or picking your nails. Keep nails trimmed and filed, but avoid overly aggressive filing. :max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1335713726-2000-6e943604787f49948992f3c199d1f3c0.jpg)
When to See a Doctor
While brittle nails are often a cosmetic concern, consult a healthcare provider if you experience severe breakage, pain, redness, discoloration, swelling, or no improvement despite home remedies. These symptoms could indicate an underlying medical condition requiring professional treatment.
Conclusion
Brittle nails can be frustrating, but understanding the causes and adopting preventative measures can significantly improve their strength and health. Consistent nail care, a healthy lifestyle, and addressing underlying medical conditions are key to achieving strong, beautiful nails. If home remedies don’t provide relief, consulting a healthcare professional is recommended.
