The tradition of abstaining from meat during Lent, specifically on Fridays, is a long-standing practice in the Catholic Church. This practice, rooted in centuries of religious observance, symbolizes sacrifice and penance in remembrance of Jesus Christ’s crucifixion.
The History of Abstinence from Meat on Fridays
Abstinence from meat, particularly on Fridays, dates back to the first century. Early Christians observed a “black fast” on Fridays to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus, who sacrificed his flesh on that day. This practice evolved, and canon law eventually mandated abstinence from meat on all Fridays of the year (Canon 1251). However, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops allows for alternative forms of penance on Fridays outside of Lent, while still recommending abstinence.
Who Must Abstain and What is Considered “Meat”?
The requirement to abstain from meat applies to all Catholics aged fourteen and older, with no upper age limit. “Meat” refers specifically to the flesh of mammals and poultry, including beef, pork, chicken, and turkey. This restriction does not extend to animal byproducts like milk, cheese, butter, eggs, or sauces containing animal fats.
Why Fish is Allowed
Fish are not considered meat in the context of Lenten abstinence. The Latin term for meat, “caro,” specifically refers to the flesh of warm-blooded animals and has never included fish. Historically, meat was a more expensive and celebratory food, while fish was a more common and less festive option. The distinction further clarifies why fish, along with other cold-blooded animals like shellfish and amphibians, is permissible during Lent.
The Significance of Abstinence
Abstaining from meat is a form of penance, expressing sorrow for sin and a commitment to turning back to God. It also represents reparation for wrongdoing. Furthermore, abstinence is a form of asceticism, embracing self-denial for spiritual growth. Jesus called upon his disciples to deny themselves and carry their cross (Matthew 16:24; Mark 8:34; Luke 9:23). Giving up meat symbolizes this self-denial, mirroring Jesus’ ultimate sacrifice.
While abstaining from meat, the focus should remain on simplicity. Replacing meat with extravagant seafood dishes defeats the purpose of Lenten sacrifice. Simple, meatless meals like pancakes, soup, pasta, or even a grilled cheese sandwich better embody the spirit of the season.
Conclusion
Abstaining from meat during Lent is a deeply symbolic practice in the Catholic faith. It commemorates the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, serves as an act of penance, and encourages spiritual growth through self-denial. By understanding the history and significance of this tradition, Catholics can more fully participate in the Lenten season.
© 2024, Rev. Michael A. Van Sloun
Used with permission.
